• Original Research Article: Original Articles present novel empirical or theoretical findings.
• Review Article: Comprehensive, critical synthesis of recent literature on a specific topic.
• Short Communication: Brief reports of significant, timely results that do not require a full article.
• Case Study: Detailed description of a specific geological occurrence, field experiment, or site‑specific investigation.
• Book Review: Critical evaluation of a recently published book relevant to journal themes.
• Length: 5,000–8,000 words (Original Articles), 3,000–5,000 words (Review Papers), and 1,500–3,000 words (Short Communications), 2,000-3,500 words (Case Study). Word counts include the main text only (title, abstract, references, tables, and figure legends are not counted).

Note: Submissions that fall outside these categories (e.g., dissertations, monographs) may be considered for Special Issues only after prior approval from the Chief Editor.